Ancient Fillings (Prehistoric to Early Civilizations): - The oldest evidence of dental fillings dates back nearly 13,000 years, with bitumen (a tar-like substance) used to fill cavities. - Around 6500 years ago, beeswax was used as a filling material, as seen in remains from Italy and the Indus Valley Civilization. - Early civilizations also experimented with natural resins and tar, but these materials were not durable and often failed to prevent further decay. Classical and Medieval Eras: - By 200 AD, gold was being used for dental prosthetics and fillings, notably by the Ancient Etruscans. - In China, as early as 700 AD, a “silver paste” (early amalgam) was referenced in medical texts. - Other materials like cork, tin, and even asbestos were used sporadically, though with limited success. Early Modern Period (1700s–1800s): - The 1700s saw the introduction of tooth-colored options, with attempts to use enamel and porcelain fused to gold for better a...
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